Critical and Emerging Technology | Overview |
Field | Key technologies |
<1> Semiconductor and display | 1) Fully integrated resistant random access memory (ReRAM) | ▪A next generation memory semiconductor materials, components, and processing methods with high-capacity, high-speed, high-bandwidth, and low-power characteristics, which displays improved data retention and read/write properties compared to the conventional semiconductors |
2) High-performance, low-power AI semiconductor | ▪Design, components, and operating software for semiconductor that processes tens to thousands of TFLOPS-level computations, which is required for implementing AI learning and inference with low power consumption and high efficiency |
3) Advanced packaging | ▪Hyper-scale, high-density, and multi-dimensional heterogeneous chiplet packaging technology that enables economic implementation of semiconductor modules with improved performance, integration, and energy efficiency |
4) Power management integrated circuit (PMIC) | ▪ A type of semiconductor and its components based on silicon carbide, gallium nitride, gallium oxide, etc., for highly efficient conversion, stabilization, distribution, and control in power systems |
5) Next-gen, high-performance sensors | ▪ Components and devices that combine physical sensors with intelligent perception and detection capabilities, specialized for smart devices, advanced mobility, and extreme environments |
6) Inorganic display | ▪ LED made of inorganic materials that enables higher luminance and longer lifespan |
7) Free-form display | ▪ Flexible and elastic display that is able to bend, fold, or extend, in comparison to the existing rigid display |
8) Materials, components, and equipment for semiconductor and display | ▪ Cutting-edge technology capable of performing ultrafine integration (photolithography, etching, and deposition processes), high-efficiency, high-trustworthiness and environmentally friendly OLED materials and components, and manufacturing equipment for ultra-large or ultra-small OLED |
<2> Secondary battery | 9) Lithium ion battery and its core components | ▪ Materials and processing technology for maximizing the energy density of existing lithium ion batteries (around 350Wh/kg), and ensuring price competitiveness and environmentally friendly manufacturing |
10) Next-gen secondary battery components and cells | ▪ Materials and manufacturing technology that surpasses the technical and industrial limitations of conventional lithium ion batteries, including solid-state materials, lithium metal, and lithium sulfur (targeting above 400Wh/kg), and sodium ion batteries (targeting 220Wh/kg), which could be customized to various applications in terms of energy density, safety, and price competitiveness |
11) Secondary battery module and system | ▪ Technology for modules, packs, and systems, as well as intelligent management, aimed at enhancing the performance, safety, and lifespan of electric mobility and ESS |
12) Reuse and recycling of secondary batteries | ▪ Methods to reuse batteries preserving original safety and efficiency, and to recover and recycle resources in eco-friendly manner |
<3> Advanced mobility | 13) Autonomous driving | ▪ Software, communications, services, and computing technologies that allow for autonomous vehicle operation without human intervention, along with performance and safety certification |
14) Urban air mobility (UAM) | ▪ A transportation system supporting vertical takeoff and landing vehicles, based on low-noise and eco-friendly power source and designed for urban operation, which includes traffic management, takeoff and landing infrastructure, and performance and safety certification |
15) Electric and hydrogen vehicle | ▪ Eco-friendly vehicles powered by high-voltage batteries, hydrogen fuel cells, or carbon-neutral fuel energy |
<4> Next generation nuclear power | 16) Small modular reactor (SMR) | ▪ Small-sized light water reactor incorporating advanced safety features (infinite cooling, accident-resistant nuclear fuel), modular manufacturing methods (core components, materials, innovative manufacturing), and flexible operation |
17) Advanced nuclear power system and waste management | ▪ Multipurpose non-light water reactor utilizing liquid metal, gas, and molten salt as a coolant, with longer core lifespan and high exit temperature, and a management system for high-level radioactive waste from spent nuclear fuel (transportation, storage, site management, disposal) |
<5> Advanced biotechnology | 18) Synthetic biology | ▪Artificial design, fabrication, and synthesis of the components and systems of living organisms, made possible through introducing an engineering perspective into life sciences |
19) Genetic and cellular treatment | ▪Development of gene therapies for correcting and augmenting genetic features, and cell therapies for restoring cell and tissue functions |
20) Vaccine and treatments for infectious diseases | ▪Foundational technology for the rapid development of vaccines and therapeutic agents in response to the emergence of new, variant, or unresolved infectious diseases, such as the discovery of transmitter and candidate pharmaceuticals |
21) Analysis and utilization of health data | ▪ Collection, generation, integration, and analysis of bio- and medical data for implementing personalized diagnosis, treatment, prevention, health management, and data-driven drug development |
<6> Aerospace and marine technology | 22) Large-scale engine with staged combustion cycle | ▪Design, manufacturing, assessment, and certification of high-thrust, high-efficiency engines capable of reignition and thrust modulation for space launch vehicles |
23) Space observation and sensing | ▪Modernization of satellite bodies and payloads for space observation, communication, and navigation, as well as systematic management of information and resources acquired from space observation missions |
24) Lunar landing and surface exploration | ▪Foundational technology for the design, manufacturing, and operation of lunar landers, unmanned rovers, and spacecraft, the design and operation of interplanetary mission orbits to enable planetary landing and surface exploration, and deep space exploration missions |
25) Advanced gas turbine, engine, and components for aviation | ▪Design, manufacturing, assessment, and certification of high-power, long-lasting turbofan gas turbine engines with a thrust of 15,000 lbf or better for both manned and unmanned applications |
26) Marine resources exploration | ▪Exploration and mining of strategic minerals (rare earth elements, cobalt, nickel, manganese, graphite, etc.) in polar regions and the deep sea |
<7> Hydrogen | 27) Hydrogen production by electrolysis | ▪Technique for producing hydrogen used in fuels and power plants via electric decomposition of water (H2O) |
28) Hydrogen storage and transportation | ▪Technique for storing and delivering hydrogen in gas state or liquid state in extremely low temperature (-253℃) |
29) Hydrogen fuel cells and energy production | ▪Energy production through either directly transforming hydrogen-based fuel into electricity or heat, or combusting hydrogen with gas turbines |
<8> Cybersecurity | 30) Data and AI security | ▪AI-based intelligent security system that ensures the protection and safe utilization of sensitive data (personal and industrial information) for both individuals and businesses |
31) Analysis of and response to digital weakness (supply chain security) | ▪ End-to-end detection, tracing, recovery, and prevention of security breaches, and verification of security integrity throughout the entire digital supply chain lifecycle |
32) Network and cloud security | ▪Security technology ensuring trustworthiness and reliability for the implementation of zero trust model in cloud environments, intelligent monitoring systems, and next generation communications |
33) Virtual convergence security for industrial operation | ▪Convergent application of information and physical protection schemes, customizable to a specific virtual environment or an industrial sector |
<9> AI | 34) Advanced learning and AI infrastructure | ▪Optimized and lightweight technology that significantly improves the efficiency of AI model creation and utilization, considering factors such as the scale of input data and power consumption in learning process |
35) Advanced AI modelling and decision making (cognition, judgment, inference) | ▪AI capable of comprehensive perception, growth, reasonable inference, and communicative and creative collaboration, through holistic understanding of contextual elements that models the cognitive process of humans |
36) AI for industrial application and innovation | ▪Minimization of human coding to facilitate easier AI application and increased productivity in industrial settings |
37) Safe and trustworthy AI | ▪Technology that ensures AI models comply with universal norms, values, and legal requirements such as protection of personal information and copyright, as well as ensuring explainable and robust conclusions |
<10> Next generation communications | 38) 5G-Adv | ▪Mobile communication technology supporting 5G-Advanced technical standards (later than 3GPP Rel-18), the upcoming versions after the first-ever 5G standards (3GPP Rel-15) and the standards for convergent services (3GPP Rel-17) |
39) 6G | ▪Next generation communications infrastructure after 5G, based on ITU IMT-2030 standards (later than 3GPP Rel-21) |
40) Open-RAN | ▪Block-wise protocol and open interface bridging radio units, distributed units, and centralized units in both hardware and software |
41) High-efficiency 5G and 6G communications components | ▪Wireless and optical communications components loaded inside 5G and 6G mobile communications equipment |
42) 5G and 6G satellite communications | ▪Ground-level and low-orbit satellite network connection providing 3-dimensional communications services to above ground, the sea, and mid-air |
<11> Advanced robotics and manufacturing | 43) Components and software for precise control and operation | ▪ A set of core components and technologies that enhances the performance and reliability of robotic products through intelligent movement control based on the recognition of environmental and human-related factors |
44) Autonomous movement | ▪Capacity to move to a target location in unstructured indoor and outdoor environments without human instructions |
45) Modulation of challenging movements | ▪Capacity for autonomous perception and decision making in utilizing flexible joints and ultra-lightweight arms and hands to perform tasks safely |
46) Human-robot interaction | ▪Rapid and autonomous generation of behaviors, expressions, and conversations based on holistic understanding of complex situations, allowing for the communication between humans and robots |
47) Virtual manufacturing | ▪Intellectualized and innovative manufacturing, production, and processing techniques without limitation on time and space, such as operating smart factories implanted in virtual space (digital twin) |
<12> Quantum technology | 48) Quantum computing | ▪Parallel computing implemented on both hardware and software that leverages quantum mechanical characteristics, such as quantum entanglement, to exponentially improve performance |
49) Quantum communications | ▪Communication protocol free of interference, due to the implementation of information unit in quantum states |
50) Quantum sensing | ▪Quantum system or quantum mechanical state applied to sensors enabling ultra-precise measurement of physical quantities (electromagnetic field, light, gravitation, etc.), which would have not been possible with conventional methods |